The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), is aimed at foreign financial institutions (FFIs) and other financial intermediaries to prevent tax evasion by U.S. citizens and residents through use of offshore accounts. FATCA focuses on reporting:
- By individuals with certain foreign financial accounts and offshore assets
- By foreign financial institutions about financial accounts held by their customers or non-financial entities, U.S. taxpayers or foreign entities in which U.S. taxpayers hold a substantial ownership interest (withholding may be required in some instances)
- The base penalty for failure to file is $10,000. Additional penalties for failure to comply once notified may be levied and can increase beyond 90 days by $10,000 for each 30-day period up to a maximum of $50,000.